Nelson Mandela : Long Walk to Freedom (CBSE) Long Question and Answers class 10


Nelson Mandela : Long Walk to Freedom (CBSE) 

Long Question and Answers

Q.1. Briefly describe Mandela's Swearing-in Ceremony.
Ans. Nelson Mandela's swearing-in ceremony took place in a big sandstone amphitheatre in Pretoria. Mandela was accompanied by his daughter Zenani. During the ceremony, Mr de Klerk was sworn in as second Deputy President followed by Mr Thabo Mbeki who was sworn in as first Deputy President. Then came the historical moment when Nelson Mandela took the oath as the President of South Africa. He pledged to obey and uphold the Constitution and dedicated himself to the well being of his people.
In his public address, Mandela spoke of the newborn liberty. He thanked the international guests gathered there to be with his countrymen in the common victory for justice, peace and human dignity. Mandela pledged himself to liberate his people from poverty, suffering and discrimination. A little while later, a spectacular show by Jets, Defence and Police Force was presented. South African jets and helicopters flew over the Union Buildings. It was a symbol of the military's loyalty to democracy. In the end of the show V-shaped Impala jets left with a smoke trail of the black, red, green, blue and gold of the new South Africa flag. Then the highest military generals saluted him and the two national anthems were played. The whites sang 'Nkosi SikeleliAfrica and the blacks sang Die Stem', These formed the old national anthems of the Republic.

Q.2. Nelson Mandela says that on the day of inauguration he was overwhelmed with a sense of history. What does he recall on that day?

OR

What tribute does Nelson pay to the black people who fought for freedom, justice and equality for all the people of South Africa?

Ans. Mandela doesn't forget to recall history on this occasion. He remembers how a system of racial domination was created against the black people in their own land. It was the most inhumane system built by the white people. The black people were denied even their basic freedom. The policy of apartheid created a deep and lasting wound in the country and his people. However, Nelson Mandela feels glad that the cruel system has come to an end. He promises that in the new system recognition would be given to the rights and freedoms of all people regardless of the colour of their skin. Mandela also remembers the freedom fighters who sacrificed their lives against oppression. He paystribute to the great leaders like Oliver Tambo, Walter Sisulu, Chief Luthuli, Yusuf Dadoo, etc. Such people of uncommon courage and wisdom are the greatest wealth of his country. These leaders taught him that courage was not the absence of fear, but the triumph over it. The brave man is not the one who does not fear, but the one who conquers it.


Q.3. What does Nelson Mandela say about courage, love and hate?
Ans. In his speech Nelson Mandela pays tribute to the great leaders like Oliver Tambo, Walter Sisulu, Chief Luthuli, Yusuf Dadoo, etc. Such people of uncommon courage and wisdom are the greatest wealth of his country. These leaders taught him that courage was not the absence of fear, but the triumph over it. The brave man is not the one who does not fear, but the one who conquers it. According to Mandela, no one is born hating others because of colour or religion. Love is the emotion which comes to man naturally. If we can learn to hate, we can learn to love also It is love that comes naturally to the human heart This is what we should follow nature and should learn to love.

Q.4. What twin obligations does the author talk about? How does he feel about them?
Ans. Mandela also talks about twin obligations obligation to his family, to his parents, to his wife and children; and he has an obligation to his people, his community, and his country. He says that each one of us should fulfil these two obligations. He regrets that no one in South Africa could fulfil these obligations during the era of oppression. Anyone, who tried to live like a human being, was brutally punished. Nelson Mandela also one of them. He was isolated from his family as well as from the society. Thus, he could not fulfill these obligations. In the beginning, Nelson Mandela used to consider his family above the countrymen, but later he devoted his life to the freedom of his people from slavery. He wishes that everyone in South Africa would fulfill these twin obligations after liberty. 

Q.5. How did the author feel about freedom as a boy and as a student?
Ans. Being free meant differently on the two occasions. As a boy, it meant to wander in the fields near his hut; to swim; to run through the village. But, as a student it meant to be free to stay out at night, to read what he pleased and to go where he chose. However, these were the transitory freedoms.' The "basic and honourable freedoms" were the freedoms for the people to live their lives with dignity and self-respect. He says that although he was born free, but as he grew up, he realized that his freedom was just an illusion. There was huge discrimination towards the black people of his country. He began to hunger for freedom when it was denied to him. He wanted that his people should also be free.

Q.6. Describe the value of freedom for the human beings and how it is important for the growth of civilization and humanism as described in the lesson 'Nelson Mandela : Long Walk to Freedom'.
Ans. Everybody, whether human or other creatures, wants to live free as freedom is natural to all living beings. The value of freedom is better known to the person who has been denied this right. A person who is chained with the limits and not allowed to perform his duties freely, values freedom more than anyone else. For instance the value of freedom is known better to Mandela who remained behind the bars most of his life. Think about a bird or animal which is caged as they have the habit of living with full freedom but in the cage they are not free and their conditions are very pitiable. Similarly, life becomes a hell if we are deprived of freedom. There is no growth of civilization as it grows only when one has freedom. Similarly, humanism grows in the atmosphere of freedom.

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